Kugwiritsa Ntchito Njerwa ya Corundum Yosakanizidwa mu Ng'anjo Yoyandama Yosungunuka Magalasi

Njerwa za corundum zosakanikiranaAmasungunuka alumina mu ng'anjo yamagetsi ya arc ndikuponyedwa mu chitsanzo chodziwika bwino cha mawonekedwe enaake, kusungidwa ndi kutentha, kenako nkukonzedwa kuti apeze chinthu chomwe mukufuna. Njira yopangira yonse ndikugwiritsa ntchito alumina yokhala ndi calcium yambiri (yoposa 95%) ndi zowonjezera zochepa, kuyika zosakaniza mu ng'anjo yamagetsi ya arc, ndikuziyika mu nkhungu zomwe zakonzedwa kale zitasungunuka kutentha kwambiri kuposa 2300 ° C, kenako kuzisunga zofunda. Pambuyo poziphatikiza, zimachotsedwa, ndipo chopanda kanthu chomwe chachotsedwa chimakhala chinthu chomalizidwa chomwe chimakwaniritsa zofunikira pambuyo pogwira ntchito yozizira molondola, kusonkhanitsa ndi kuyang'ana.

Njerwa za corundum zosakanikirana zimagawidwa m'mitundu itatu malinga ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya makristalo ndi kuchuluka kwa alumina: yoyamba ndi α-Al2O3 monga gawo lalikulu la kristalo, lotchedwa njerwa za α-corundum; yachiwiri ndi α-Al2 Magawo a kristalo a O3 ndi β-Al2O3 ali ndi kuchuluka komweko, komwe kumatchedwa njerwa za αβ corundum; mtundu wachitatu makamaka ndi magawo a kristalo a β-Al2O3, lotchedwa njerwa za β corundum. Njerwa za corundum zosakanikirana zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu uvuni woyandama wagalasi woyandama ndi mitundu yachiwiri ndi yachitatu, yomwe ndi njerwa za αβ corundum zosakanikirana ndi njerwa za β corundum. Nkhaniyi ikuyang'ana kwambiri za thupi ndi mankhwala a njerwa za αβ corundum zosakanikirana ndi njerwa za β corundum ndi momwe zimagwiritsidwira ntchito mu uvuni woyandama wagalasi woyandama.

1. Kusanthula magwiridwe antchito a njerwa za corundum zosakanikirana

1. 1 Njerwa ya αβ corundum yosakanikirana

Njerwa za αβ corundum zosakanikirana zimapangidwa ndi pafupifupi 50% α-Al2 O3 ndi β-Al2 O3, ndipo makhiristo awiriwa amalumikizana kuti apange kapangidwe kolimba kwambiri, komwe kali ndi mphamvu yolimba ya alkali yolimbana ndi dzimbiri. Kukana dzimbiri pa kutentha kwakukulu (kupitirira 1350°C) kumakhala koipa pang'ono kuposa njerwa za AZS zosakanikirana, koma pa kutentha pansi pa 1350°C, kukana kwake dzimbiri ku galasi losungunuka kuli kofanana ndi njerwa za AZS zosakanikirana. Chifukwa mulibe Fe2 O3, TiO2 ndi zonyansa zina, gawo la galasi la matrix ndi laling'ono kwambiri, ndipo zinthu zakunja monga thovu sizimachitika kawirikawiri zikakhudzana ndi galasi losungunuka, kotero kuti galasi la matrix lisaipitsidwe.

Njerwa za αβ corundum zosakanikirana zimakhala zokhuthala kwambiri ndipo zimakhala ndi mphamvu yolimbana ndi dzimbiri ku galasi losungunuka pansi pa 1350°C, kotero zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'dziwe logwirira ntchito komanso kupitirira apo m'magalasi osungunula ng'anjo, nthawi zambiri m'mafakitale ochapira zovala, njerwa zamilomo, njerwa za pachipata, ndi zina zotero. Njerwa za corundum zosakanikirana padziko lonse lapansi zimapangidwa bwino kwambiri ndi Toshiba waku Japan.

1.2 Njerwa ya corundum yosakanikirana

Njerwa za β-corundum zosakanikirana zimapangidwa ndi pafupifupi 100% β-Al2 O3, ndipo zimakhala ndi kapangidwe ka kristalo ka β-Al2 O3 kofanana ndi mbale. Kakulu komanso kosakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri. Koma kumbali ina, imakhala ndi kukana bwino kuwononga, makamaka imasonyeza kukana kwambiri dzimbiri ku nthunzi yamphamvu ya alkali, kotero imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamwamba pa ng'anjo yosungunuka ndi galasi. Komabe, ikatenthedwa mumlengalenga wokhala ndi alkali yochepa, imachitapo kanthu ndi SiO2, ndipo β-Al2O3 imawola mosavuta ndikupangitsa kuti voliyumu ichepetse kuyambitsa ming'alu ndi ming'alu, kotero imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo omwe ali kutali ndi kufalikira kwa zinthu zopangira magalasi.

1.3 Kapangidwe ka thupi ndi mankhwala a njerwa za corundum zosakanikirana za αβ ndi β

Kapangidwe ka mankhwala a njerwa za corundum zosakanikirana ndi α-β ndi β makamaka ndi Al2O3, kusiyana kwake kuli makamaka mu kapangidwe ka kristalo, ndipo kusiyana kwa kapangidwe ka microstructure kumabweretsa kusiyana kwa zinthu zakuthupi ndi zamakemikolo monga kuchuluka kwa zinthu, kuchuluka kwa kutentha, ndi mphamvu yokakamiza.

2. Kugwiritsa ntchito njerwa za corundum zosakanikirana mu uvuni wosungunula magalasi

Pansi ndi khoma la dziwe zimalumikizana mwachindunji ndi madzi agalasi. Pazigawo zonse zomwe zimalumikizana mwachindunji ndi madzi agalasi, chinthu chofunikira kwambiri cha zinthu zotsutsana ndi dzimbiri ndi kukana dzimbiri, ndiko kuti, palibe kusintha kwa mankhwala komwe kumachitika pakati pa zinthu zotsutsana ndi madzi agalasi.

M'zaka zaposachedwapa, poyesa zizindikiro za ubwino wa zinthu zosakanikirana zosakanikirana zomwe zakhudzana mwachindunji ndi galasi losungunuka, kuwonjezera pa kapangidwe ka mankhwala, zizindikiro zakuthupi ndi zamankhwala, ndi kapangidwe ka mchere, zizindikiro zitatu zotsatirazi ziyeneranso kuyesedwa: index yokana kukokoloka kwa galasi, index yoyambira ya thovu ndi index yoyambira ya kristalo.

Popeza kuti galasi ndi labwino kwambiri komanso mphamvu yopangira ng'anjo ikakhala yayikulu, kugwiritsa ntchito njerwa zamagetsi zosakanikirana kudzakhala kwakukulu. Njerwa zosakanikirana zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu uvuni wosungunula magalasi ndi njerwa zosakanikirana za AZS series (Al 2 O 3 -ZrO 2 -SiO 2). Pamene kutentha kwa njerwa za AZS kuli pamwamba pa 1350℃, kukana kwake dzimbiri kumakhala kowirikiza kawiri mpaka kasanu kuposa njerwa za α β -Al 2 O 3. Njerwa za αβ corundum zosakanikirana zimapangidwa ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta α-alumina (53%) ndi β-alumina (45%), zomwe zimakhala ndi gawo laling'ono la galasi (pafupifupi 2%), zomwe zimadzaza ma pores pakati pa makhiristo, ndi chiyero chachikulu, ndipo zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati gawo loziziritsira njerwa za pakhoma la dziwe ndi gawo loziziritsira pansi pa msewu Njerwa ndi njerwa zosokedwa ndi zina zotero.

Kapangidwe ka mchere ka njerwa za αβ corundum zosakanikirana kamakhala ndi galasi laling'ono lokha, lomwe silingatuluke ndikuipitsa madzi agalasi akagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo limakhala ndi kukana dzimbiri bwino komanso silingawonongeke kutentha kwambiri pansi pa 1350 ° C. Ndi gawo lozizira la ng'anjo yosungunuka yagalasi. Ndi chinthu chabwino kwambiri choletsa makoma a thanki, pansi pa thanki ndi malo ochapira zovala zosungunuka zagalasi zoyandama. Mu projekiti yaukadaulo ya ng'anjo yosungunuka yagalasi yoyandama, njerwa ya αβ corundum yosakanikirana imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njerwa ya pakhoma la dziwe la gawo lozizira la ng'anjo yosungunuka yagalasi. Kuphatikiza apo, njerwa za αβ corundum zosakanikirana zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito pa njerwa zoyenda pansi ndi njerwa zolumikizira zophimba m'gawo lozizira.

Njerwa ya β corundum yosakanikirana ndi chinthu choyera chopangidwa ndi makristaro olimba a β-Al2 O3, okhala ndi 92% ~ 95% Al 2 O 3, gawo lochepera 1% lagalasi, ndipo mphamvu yake yomangira ndi yofooka chifukwa cha lattice yotayirira ya kristalo. Yotsika, porosity yooneka ndi yochepera 15%. Popeza Al2O3 yokha ili ndi sodium woposa 2000°C, imakhala yolimba kwambiri motsutsana ndi nthunzi ya alkali kutentha kwambiri, ndipo kukhazikika kwake kutentha nakonso ndikwabwino kwambiri. Komabe, ikakhudzana ndi SiO 2, Na 2 O yomwe ili mu β-Al 2 O 3 imawola ndikuchitapo kanthu ndi SiO2, ndipo β-Al 2 O 3 imasinthidwa mosavuta kukhala α-Al 2 O 3, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti voliyumu ichepe kwambiri, zomwe zimayambitsa ming'alu ndi kuwonongeka. Chifukwa chake, ndi yoyenera kokha pa malo osungiramo zinthu omwe ali kutali ndi fumbi louluka la SiO2, monga malo osungiramo zinthu a dziwe logwirira ntchito la ng'anjo yosungunula galasi, malo otulukira zinthu kumbuyo kwa malo osungunula ndi mpanda wake wapafupi, malo osungiramo zinthu ang'onoang'ono a ng'anjo ndi zina.

Popeza sichichita ndi ma alkali metal oxides osasunthika, sipadzakhala zinthu zosungunuka zomwe zimatuluka pamwamba pa njerwa kuti ziipitse galasi. Mu ng'anjo yosungunuka yagalasi yoyandama, chifukwa cha kuchepa kwadzidzidzi kwa njira yolowera ya gawo lozizira, n'zosavuta kuyambitsa kuuma kwa nthunzi ya alkaline pano, kotero njira yolowera pano imapangidwa ndi njerwa za β zosakanikirana zomwe sizimakhudzidwa ndi dzimbiri ndi nthunzi ya alkaline.

3. Mapeto

Kutengera ndi makhalidwe abwino a njerwa za corundum zosakanikirana pankhani ya kukana kukokoloka kwa galasi, kukana thovu, komanso kukana miyala, makamaka kapangidwe kake kapadera ka kristalo, sizimaipitsa galasi losungunuka. Pali ntchito zofunika kwambiri mu lamba wowunikira, gawo lozizira, wothamanga, uvuni wawung'ono ndi zina.