Kugwiritsa ntchito Njerwa ya Fused Corundum mu Ng'anjo Yosungunula ya Glass Float

Kusakaniza njerwa za corundumamasungunuka aluminiyamu mu ng'anjo yamagetsi yamagetsi ndikuponyedwa mumtundu wina wa mawonekedwe apadera, otetezedwa ndi kutentha, kenako amakonzedwa kuti apeze chinthu chomwe mukufuna. Zomwe zimapangidwira ndikugwiritsa ntchito aluminiyamu yoyera kwambiri (yoposa 95%) ndi zowonjezera pang'ono, kuyika zosakaniza mu ng'anjo yamagetsi yamagetsi, ndikuziponya muzoumba zokhazikika zitasungunuka kutentha kwambiri kuposa 2300 ° C. , ndiyeno kuwatenthetsa Pambuyo pa annealing, amachotsedwa, ndipo chopanda chopanda kanthu chimakhala chinthu chomaliza chomwe chimakwaniritsa zofunikira pambuyo pogwira ntchito yozizira, kusonkhanitsa ndi kuyang'anitsitsa.

Njerwa zosakanikirana za corundum zimagawidwa kukhala mitundu itatu molingana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kristalo ndi kuchuluka kwa alumina: yoyamba ndi α-Al2O3 monga gawo lalikulu la kristalo, lotchedwa α-corundum njerwa; yachiwiri ndi α-Al2 The O 3 ndi β-Al2O3 magawo a kristalo ali makamaka muzinthu zomwezo, zomwe zimatchedwa αβ corundum njerwa; mtundu wachitatu makamaka β-Al2O3 crystal magawo, otchedwa β corundum njerwa. Njerwa zosakanikirana za corundum zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'ng'anjo zosungunula magalasi oyandama ndi mitundu yachiwiri ndi yachitatu, yomwe ndi njerwa zosakanikirana za αβ corundum ndi njerwa za β corundum. Nkhaniyi ifotokoza zakuthupi ndi mankhwala a njerwa zosakanikirana za αβ corundum ndi njerwa za β corundum ndikugwiritsa ntchito m'ng'anjo zosungunula magalasi oyandama.

1. Kusanthula magwiridwe antchito a njerwa zosakanikirana za corundum

1. 1 njerwa yosakaniza αβ corundum

Njerwa zosakanikirana za αβ corundum zimapangidwa ndi pafupifupi 50% α-Al2 O 3 ndi β-Al 2 O 3, ndipo makhiristo awiriwa amalumikizana kuti apange mawonekedwe olimba kwambiri, omwe ali ndi mphamvu zabwino kwambiri za alkali corrosion resistance. Kukana kwa dzimbiri pa kutentha kwakukulu (pamwamba pa 1350 ° C) kumakhala koipitsitsa pang'ono kusiyana ndi njerwa zosakanikirana za AZS, koma kutentha kwa pansi pa 1350 ° C, kukana kwake kwa dzimbiri ku magalasi osungunuka ndikofanana ndi njerwa zosakanikirana za AZS. Chifukwa mulibe Fe2 O 3 , TiO 2 ndi zonyansa zina, gawo la galasi la matrix ndi laling'ono kwambiri, ndipo zinthu zakunja monga thovu sizingathe kuchitika pamene zimagwirizana ndi galasi losungunuka, kuti galasi la matrix lisaipitsidwe. .

Njerwa zophatikizika za αβ corundum zimakhala zowundana mu crystallization ndipo zimakhala ndi dzimbiri bwino zokana magalasi osungunuka pansi pa 1350 ° C, motero zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri padziwe logwirira ntchito komanso kupitirira ng'anjo zosungunulira magalasi, nthawi zambiri zotsuka, njerwa za milomo, njerwa zachipata, ndi zina zambiri. Njerwa zosakanikirana za corundum padziko lonse lapansi zimapangidwa bwino kwambiri ndi Toshiba waku Japan.

1.2 Njerwa zophatikizika β corundum

Njerwa zosakanikirana za β-corundum zimapangidwa ndi pafupifupi 100% β-Al2 O 3, ndipo zimakhala ndi mbale yaikulu ngati β-Al 2 O 3 crystalline structure. Chachikulu komanso chochepa mphamvu. Koma Komano, ali ndi zabwino spalling kukana, makamaka amasonyeza mkulu kwambiri dzimbiri kukana ndi nthunzi wamphamvu alkali, choncho ntchito kumtunda dongosolo galasi kusungunuka ng'anjo. Komabe, ikatenthedwa mumlengalenga wokhala ndi mchere wochepa wa alkali, idzachitapo ndi SiO 2, ndipo β-Al 2 O 3 idzawonongeka mosavuta ndi kuchititsa kuti voliyumu iwonongeke kuti ipangitse ming'alu ndi ming'alu, choncho imagwiritsidwa ntchito kumadera akutali kwambiri. kubalalitsa kwa galasi zipangizo.

1.3 Zakuthupi ndi zamankhwala za njerwa zosakanikirana za αβ ndi β corundum

Mankhwala opangidwa ndi njerwa zosakanikirana za α-β ndi β corundum makamaka Al 2 O 3 , kusiyana kumakhala makamaka mu gawo la kristalo, ndipo kusiyana kwa microstructure kumabweretsa kusiyana kwa zinthu zakuthupi ndi mankhwala monga kuchulukitsitsa kwakukulu, kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha. coefficient, ndi compressive mphamvu.

2. Kugwiritsa ntchito njerwa zosakanikirana za corundum mu ng'anjo zosungunula magalasi

Zonse pansi ndi khoma la dziwe zimagwirizana mwachindunji ndi galasi lamadzimadzi. Pazigawo zonse zomwe zimalumikizana mwachindunji ndi galasi lamadzimadzi, chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chazinthu zotsutsana ndi kukana kwa dzimbiri, ndiko kuti, palibe zomwe zimachitika pakati pa zinthu zotsutsana ndi galasi lamadzimadzi.

M'zaka zaposachedwa, powunika zizindikiro zamtundu wa zida zosakanikirana zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa mwachindunji ndi galasi losungunuka, kuwonjezera pa mankhwala, zizindikiro za thupi ndi mankhwala, ndi mchere, zizindikiro zitatu zotsatirazi ziyenera kuyesedwa: index kukokoloka kwa magalasi, kuthamanga. bubble index ndi precipitated crystallization index.

Ndi zofunika zapamwamba za khalidwe lagalasi komanso mphamvu yopangira ng'anjo, kugwiritsa ntchito njerwa zamagetsi zosakanikirana kudzakhala kwakukulu. Njerwa zophatikizika zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'ng'anjo zosungunula magalasi ndi AZS mndandanda (Al 2 O 3 -ZrO 2 -SiO 2 ) njerwa zosakanikirana. Pamene kutentha kwa njerwa ya AZS kuli pamwamba pa 1350 ℃, kukana kwake kwa dzimbiri ndi 2 ~ 5 nthawi ya α β -Al 2 O 3 njerwa. Njerwa zophatikizika za αβ corundum zimapangidwa ndi α-alumina (53%) ndi β-alumina (45%), tinthu tating'ono tating'ono ta galasi (pafupifupi 2%), kudzaza pores pakati pa makhiristo, ndi chiyero chachikulu, ndipo angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati kuzirala mbali dziwe dziwe khoma njerwa ndi kuzirala mbali pansi panjira Njerwa ndi msoko njerwa etc.

Mchere wopangidwa ndi njerwa zosakanikirana za αβ corundum zimakhala ndi gawo laling'ono la galasi, lomwe silingatuluke ndi kuwononga galasi lamadzimadzi panthawi yomwe likugwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo limakhala ndi kukana kwa dzimbiri komanso kutentha kwapamwamba kwambiri pansi pa 1350 ° C. kuzirala mbali ya galasi kusungunuka ng'anjo. Ndi chinthu choyenera chopangira makoma a thanki, pansi pa thanki ndi zotsuka za ng'anjo zosungunula magalasi oyandama. Mu ntchito yomanga ng'anjo ya magalasi oyandama, njerwa yosakanikirana ya αβ corundum imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njerwa pakhoma la dziwe la gawo lozizira la ng'anjo yosungunuka ya galasi. Kuphatikiza apo, njerwa zophatikizika za αβ corundum zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga njerwa zomangira ndi kuphimba njerwa zolumikizana mugawo lozizirira.

Njerwa yosakanikirana ya β corundum ndi chinthu choyera chopangidwa ndi β -Al2 O 3 makristasi okhwima, omwe ali ndi 92% ~ 95% Al 2 O 3, osachepera 1% gawo la galasi, ndipo mphamvu zake zomanga zimakhala zofooka chifukwa cha kristalo lotayirira. . Pansi, porosity yowoneka ndi yochepera 15%. Popeza Al2O3 yokha imakhala yodzaza ndi sodium pamwamba pa 2000 ° C, imakhala yolimba kwambiri polimbana ndi nthunzi ya alkali pa kutentha kwakukulu, komanso kukhazikika kwake kwa kutentha ndikwabwino kwambiri. Komabe, pokhudzana ndi SiO 2, Na 2 O yomwe ili mu β-Al 2 O 3 imawonongeka ndikuchitapo kanthu ndi SiO2, ndipo β-Al 2 O 3 imasinthidwa mosavuta kukhala α-Al 2 O 3, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale buku lalikulu. kuchepa , kuchititsa ming'alu ndi kuwonongeka. Choncho, ndi oyenera superstructures kutali ndi SiO2 flying fumbi, monga superstructure wa dziwe ntchito ya galasi kusungunuka ng'anjo, spout kumbuyo kwa malo osungunuka ndi kampanda wake wapafupi, ng'anjo yaing'ono kusanja ndi mbali zina.

Chifukwa sichichita ndi ma oxide achitsulo a alkali osasunthika, sipadzakhala zinthu zosungunuka zomwe zimatuluka kuchokera pamwamba pa njerwa kuti ziipitse galasi. Mu ng'anjo yosungunuka ya galasi yoyandama, chifukwa cha kuchepa kwadzidzidzi kwa njira yolowera ya gawo loziziritsira, ndikosavuta kupangitsa kuti mpweya wa alkaline ukhale wofewa pano, chifukwa chake njira yotuluka pano imapangidwa ndi njerwa zosakanikirana za β zomwe zimalimbana. kuti dzimbiri ndi nthunzi yamchere.

3. Mapeto

Kutengera zinthu zabwino kwambiri za njerwa zosakanikirana za corundum molingana ndi kukana kukokoloka kwa magalasi, kukana thovu, komanso kukana kwa miyala, makamaka mawonekedwe ake apadera a kristalo, sikuyipitsa magalasi osungunuka. Pali ntchito zofunika mu lamba wofotokozera, gawo lozizira, wothamanga, ng'anjo yaying'ono ndi mbali zina.